Extrusion device



June 1936.

C. T. WALTER EXTRUSION DEVICE Filed Dec. 21, 1955 INVENTO ATTORNEY,

3v Sheets-s 1 Patented June 9, 1936 V nxrauslon'nnvrcn i I Charles T.Waltcr, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Industrial Patents Corporation, Chicago, 111., a e

, corporation of Delaware Application December 21, 1933, Serial No. 703,351 i 30 Claims.

This invention relates to an extrusion die. One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an extrusion nozzle adapted to form tubular Another object of the invention is to provide an extrusion nozzle adapted to form ribbon soap. Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the description and claims which follow.

It will be understood, of course, that the extrusion die or nozzleof the present invention may be utilized for any desired purpose and the device will be discussed in this specification as used in the formation oftubejsoap or ribbon soap such as is more particularly described and ciaimed in, my copending application entitled Soapproduct and method of making the same, filed December 21, 1933, Serial No. 703,350, by way of illustration andnot bywayof limitation.

Referring now to the drawings: i

Figure 1 is a view, partly in section, of one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the upp r portion of the device shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1. c 9 1 Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4- of Figurel. i j

Figure 5 is a view, partly insection, of another embodimentof thepresent invention. 30 Figure 6 is a view, partly in section, of anothe embodimentof the present invention. i y c Figure '7 is a fragmentary view, partly in section, showing a side view of the extrusion pin of the device shown in Figure'G, x

Figure 8 is a plan view of the extrusion pin and die openingshown in Figu'refl. W

Figure 9is "a cross-sectional; view of tube soap iormedwith the extrusion nozzle of the present invention. r j f. i f

Figure -10 is a cross-sectional-yiew of ribbon soap formedwith the extrusion nozzle of the presentinvention. H

Figure 11 is a, plan view of another variation in the shapeof the extrusion pin illustrated in Flgurefi. Figure 12 isa perspective view, partly broken away, of asectionof tube soap ofthe typeshown in cross section in Figure 9.

Figure 13 is a view, partly in section, of another embodiment of the present invention.

, Referring. now more particularly to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4:

Within casing .l is a chamber 2 into which soap in a plastic, semi-liquid condition may be M iorced under hydraulic presure'through pipe ,3.

nut 24.

Pipe 3 is threaded in boss 6. Spindle 5 is rotatably mounted within casing l and terminates in an extrusion pin at 6. It. will be noted that hearing lis a double row combination radial and thrust ball hearing which performs the dual func- 5 tion of guiding the upper end of the spindle 5 in a radial direction and takes the thrust load imposed on spindle 5 by virtue of the hydraulic pressure within chamber 2. w

Ball bearing 8 is positioned comparatively close 10 to the lower end of the spindle and performs merely the function of guiding the lower end of, the spindle 5 in a radial direction. Bearing 8 is not required to take any thrust load and may be of either the single row or double row type. How,- 15 ever, in the drawings it isshown of the double row type. End plate 9 which is screwed into casing l by threads l0 and which cooperates with the casing to form a housing, is provided with and n. Shoulder la limits the depth to which so the plate 9 may be screwed into the casing 55.

Stufling box I9 is a cast iron bushing having a press fit in the bore 20 of the body. The. bush- ;ing I9 is preferably machined on the inside so as to form a very close running fit with the enlarged portion 2| of the rotating spindie 5. Stuffing box bushing 19 has an internal groove 22 25 andserves to carry the thrust transmitted through bearing I. It will be noted that nut 24 is designed to screw down solidly against shoulder 26. Flat surfaces are preferably provided on the portion 21 of nut 24 to provide suitable bearing surfaces for a wrench. The upper extremity 28 of nut 24 is machined to a'smooth surface to provide a bearing for sprocket 25 ,which contains a suitable bronze bushing 30.

Bushing 30 is designed to permit the sprocket 29 to rotate freely about bushing portion 28 of I The driving end 3| of the spindle 5, passes up through concentric hole 32 in nut 24.

A slight amount of clearance between the driving end 3| of the spindle and nut 24 is indicated at 33.

The amount of clearance is not important, it being merely desirable that driving end 3| of spindle 5 does not contact the surface of concentric hole 32 in nut 24 since nut 24 is not utilized as a bearing for spindle 5. Flange 34 is firmly attached to the upper end of spindle 5 by means of key 35. Leather washer 35 is provided to transmit driving force from sprocket 29 to flange 34 through driving pins 31 and I04.

It will be noted by reference to Figure 2 that there are three pins 31 and three pins I04. Pins 31 are firmly fastened in flange 34 and project into holes in the leather washer. Pins I04 are firmly fastened in sprocket 29 and project into holes in leather washer 36. This construction provides a flexible connection between driving spindle 5 and driving sprocket 29. This flexible connection avoids the possibility of imposing a bending moment on the rotating spindle and the bearings in which it is mounted. 'By virtue of this construction, all bending and shearing forces resulting from the chain drive on the teeth 38 of sprocket 29 are resisted by bearing 39 and are transmitted directly to the rigid body of casing I, and consequently only a pure torque is transmitted to the spindle.

A breather hole 40 runs the entire length of spindle 5 with an opening at the end of extrusion pin 6. A flange I09 having holes H0 and III is integral with casing I and is provided in order that the entire device may be bolted against any suitable supporting member.

In operation, plastic soap is forced under hydraulic pressure through pipe 3 and thence into chamber 2. From chamber 2 the soap passes through opening 4I between the balls 42 in bearing 8. The soapthen passesinto chamber 45, thence through the conical passage I2 which leads to the extrusion opening II and is distributed uniformly around the spindle head I3.

I have found that it is important that the extrusion pin 6 be very accurately centered inthe extrusion opening II. If the pin is not accurately centered in the hole, an annular passage is formed through which the soap flow is not uniform at all points, bringing about a definite difference in the resistance to'flow at various points.

Those points about the annular orifice which are closest together, offer a much higher resistance to flow thanthose points which are wider apart. The result of such non-uniformity of resistance around the orifice is the production of atube with non-uniform walls issuing from the nozzle orifice at a higher velocity along those points of minimum resistance to flow than at those points having a greater resistance to flow. In practice, this condition manifests itself in a tube which issues from the nozzle deflected at a considerable angle to the axis of the nozzle, the in clination of the tube being toward the side of minimum wall thickness or minimum velocity of flow. A further result of this lack of concentricity between the inner and outer walls of the tube is to produce a tube which is decidedly weakened on one side and which,'therefore, shows holes or breaks along the thin side at intervals. when the extrusion pin is accurately centered in the hole so as to produce a tube with substantially concentric inner and outer walls, the tube issues from the nozzle along the line of the axis of the spindle. Under these conditions, soap may be formed into perfectly shaped tubes of uniform mechanical strength at all points.

Furthermore, this may be done at a high rate of speed.

Since the accuracy with which the extrusion 5 pin may be centered in the hole depends upon precision of manufacture of the ball bearing, I prefer to use ball bearings held to inspection limits of .0002". .If it is desired to form a tube soap and it is desired to form tubes at the rate of 100 feet per minute, I prefer to rotate the spindle at the rate of 100 R. P. M. In such case it is sufiicient merely to leave the breather tube 40 open toprevent collapse of the tube. If it is desired to operate the device at a greater rate of speed, for example to produce tubes at the rate of 400 feet per minute, I rotate the spindle at the rate of 100 R. P. M. and supply air at a pressure of about 6 to 10 inches of water to the breather tube. If it is desired to form ribbons, it is desirable to pull a vacuum of about inch of water on the breather tube in order to effectually collapse the tube to a flattened ribbon.

Although in practice I prefer to rotate the spindle at the rate of about 100 R. P. M., I have found in experimental work that speeds as low as 10 R. P. M.'are satisfactory. 1

It will be noted that the upper bearing I which is preferably the more heavily loaded of the two bearings since it takes the end thrust of the spindle, is mounted so as to be permanently supplied with a' suitable lubricant in the race 44. The lower bearing 8 runs continuously in an everchanging mass of plastic soap.

Referring now particularly to Figure 5 in which there is shown a more simple embodiment of the present invention.

This device comprises a casing 45, provided with an extrusion hole 46 in which is fitted extrusion pin 41 integral with rotatable spindle 52. 40 Bearings 48 and 49, integral with spindle 52, are adapted to rest against end thrust shoulders 50 and 5I respectively and rotate within casing 45. The thrust shoulder 5| consists of an annular boss formed integral with the cover 54 and extending into the upper end of the casing 45. Extension shaft 52, also integral with spindle 52, is brought out through cover 54, through stuffing box 51. Stufling box 5I is provided with bushing 50 held in place by cap 59 threaded through the body 54 as at 50. Cover 54 is affixed to casing 45 as by screws and 55. Shaft 55 may be rotated by any convenient means and is provided with a breather hole 0| which passes through extrusion pin 41 to permit air to enter the extruded soap tubes.

In this embodiment of the invention, soap enters through pipe 52, passes into chamber 53, thence through openings 64 in bearing 48, through chambers 55 and 55 and out extrusion hole 45.

It will be noted that the clearance space at I04 is less than the annular space between pin 41 and opening 45. This provides a filtering action wherein large particles of foreign material 65 are trapped at I04 and are not permitted to pass on to the annular extrusion opening at 45. This feature, of course, is only of importance where the soap stock has not been adequately filtered.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 6:

In this figure is depicted a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention with provisions for increasing the area of extrusion opening without materially afiecting the wall thickness of the finished tube.

II are provided in end plate 9 to facilitate removal Figure '7 shows a section through the extrusion opening of the deviceshown in Flgure 6 with the pin in place, the section shown in Figure"? being taken at right angles to the section of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a view looking into the extrusion opening shown in the device in Figure 6.

Figure 11 is a view looking into the extrusion opening of a device similar to the one shown in Figure 6 but provided with a variation in the form of the pin.

Again returning to Figure 6: This device is provided with acasing 81 having an extrusion opening tl in which is centered pin '9 which is integral with spindle I0, provided with bearings II and I2. Bearing II rides on shoulder I3 and against inner wall II. Bearing I2 rides against inner wall I4 and takes the end thrust against bearing surface II of cap It which is secured to casing 61 as by screws 11 and I8. Spindle "III may be driven by any convenient means such as gear I9. It will be noted that a breather opening 80 is also provided running through the entire length of spindle ID to the end of pin 9. i

It will be noted by reference to Figures '7 and 8 that the extrusion pin 69 is partly cut away. In Figure 11 the cut away pin is shown in the form of a central web. l 3

In practice, however, I prefer to use the cylindrical type of pin.

Referring now particularly to Figure 13:

This figure shows an embodiment of the present invention which is preferred in ordinary commercial practice. Althoughan open ball bearing located intermediate the receiving chamber and the extrusion opening mills soap. material passing therethrough, I have found that soap stock i has a deleterious effect on ordinary ball bearings and cuts down their life. It will be noted that the modification of the present invention depicted in Figure 13 is provided with two ball bearings but that both bearings are sealed from the soap.

I This construction renders the modification shown in Figure 13 most desirable for use in extruding ordinary commercial soap stock. 1

Due to the similarity between the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1 and the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 13, similar parts in these two iigures are designated by similar reference characters, independent reference charactersbeing used in Figure 13 only where the parts differ in construction or function. In Figure 13 casing l is provided with boss 4 into which is threaded inlet pipe 3 through which a product such as soap in a plastic form may be fed to the device. Spindle 5 isrotatably mounted within casing I. It will be noted that hearing 1 is a double row combination radial and thrust ball bearing which performs the dual function of guiding the upper end of the spindle S in a radial direction and takes the thrust roll imposed on spindle I by virtue of the hydraulic pressure within chamber II, which receives soap through passage I2. Ball bearing 83 is positioned relatively close to the lower end of the spindle. This bearing is not required to take any thrust but acts merely as a radial bearing to guide the spindle and assure centering of the pin 8 in extrusion opening II. Thisbearing may be of either the single or double row type but as shown in the drawings is of the single row type. End plate 9 is screwed into casing i by'threads It provided with the extrusion orifice at the base of conical recess I2 in which fits conical end ll of the spindle 5. Wrench recesses I4 and and insertion of the end. plate.

End plate 9 is guided and held rigidly in a center position with respect to the body portion by means of cylindrical guiding portions 16 and I1. Shoulder l8 limits the depth to which the plate 9 may be screwed into the casing I. Spacer bushing 85 is a cast iron bushinghaving a light press fit in the bore "of the body. It will be noted that there is a space 86 between the spindle 5 and spacer bushing 85.

Nut flywhich is. screwed into casing I by threads 25,.serves to carry the thrust transmitted through bearing 1. It will be noted that nut 24 is designed to screw down solidly against shoulder 28. Flat surfaces are preferably provided on the portion 21 of nut 24. to provide suitable bearing surfaces for a wrench. The upper extremity 28 of nut 2| is machined to a smooth surface to provide a bearing for sprocket 29 which contains asuitable bronze bushing 30.

end II of spindle 5 does not contact the surface of concentric; hole 32 in nut 24 since not 24 is not utilized as a bearing for spindle 5.

Flange 34 is firmly attached to the upper end of spindle 5 by means of key 35. Leather washer 38 is provided to transmit driving force from sprocket 29 to flange ll through driving pins 31 and HM. It will be noted by reference to Figure 2 that there are three pins TI and three pins I04. Pins 31 are firmly fastened in flange 34 and project into holes in the leather washer. Pins I are firmly fastened in sprocket 29 and project into holes in leather washer 38.

This construction provides a flexible connection between driving spindle I and driving sprocket 29. This flexible connection avoids the possibility of imposing a bending moment on the rotating spindle and the bearings in which it is mounted. By virtue of this construction all bending or shearing forces resulting from the chain drive on the teeth .38 of sprocket 29 are resistedby bearing 39 and'are transmitted directly to the rigid body of easing I and consequently only a pure torque is transmitted to the spindle. A breather hole 40 runs the entire length of spindle 5 with an opening in the end of extrusion pin 6. This breather opening is provided with a suitable oil shield, hereinafter described. A flange I 09 having holes 0 and II I is integral with casing I and is provided in order that the entire device may be bolted against any suitable supporting member. which preferably comprises a closed, oil retaining, chain box,

In the construction of the stumng box. thissoft metal is then carefully bored concentric with the outside of the plug to a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the pin. The remaindenof hole 90 through plug 89 is likewise bored concenmetal ring 9| are two grooves 92 trio with the outside of the plug but to a diameter slightly larger than the bore through the soft metal 91, but only large enough to provide a reasonably free running fit to prevent binding between the pin and the plug. Above the soft and 93 vented through plug 89 by two sets of holes 90 and 95, communicating with external grooves 96 and 91. External grooves 95 and 91 are in turn vented to the atmosphere through two series of holes 98 and 99. Recess I00, immediately above groove 93, contains leather washer l0I, which has a slight press fit around spindle 5 and is held in place by brass washer I02 which also prevents leather washer IOI from coming in contact with the rotating inner race of ball bearing 83. The force asserted against the surface of plug by the hydraulic pressure of the soap in chamber 8| is resisted by a thrust action through the material of plug 89 which is transmitted to washer I02; which in turn transmits it to the outer race of ball bearing 83, which in turn transmits it to spacer bushing 85 which carries it to the outer race of ball bearing 1 through which it is transmitted to nut 24. I

From this it will be app ent that none of the thrust load imposed upon plug 89 is transmitted to any of the moving parts of the device.

The assembly of stuffing box 81 is designed to prevent the flow of soap into bearing 83. It will be seen that this is accomplished by grooves 92 and 93 in combination with the venting arrangement. I r

The extrusion device shown in Figure 13 is shown as mounted in a box I05 provided with a cover I05 held in place as by bolts I01 and I08. Oil box I05 is of the type described and claimed in my copending application entitled Drier conveyor, Serial No. 703,348, filed December 21, 1933.

Flange I09 is ailixed to box I05 as by bolts II2 and H3. Sprocket 29, driven by a roller chain, not shown. operating a plurality of extrusion de vices, is bathed in oil I I4.

It will be seen that oil Ill communicates with the interior of the extrusion device through hole I I5 in nut 24, the oil finding its way down through bearing 1 and space 86 to hearing 83.

The embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 13 is provided with an oil shield of the type described in my copending application entitled Drier conveyor, Serial No. 703,348, fiied December 21, 1933. Oil shield H5 consists 0.1; a metallic plate II1 mounted on a suitable extension N8 of spindle 5. Sheet metal shield H9 is fastened to plate II! by small post-s I20.

Shield I I9 provides a cover I2I with an integral depending flange I22, the lower edge of which is spaced from the metallic plate Ii'I, providing a narrow annular opening I23 through which air may readily enter and find its way to the breather opening 40 in spindle 5. Very little oil can be splashed through this narrow opening I23 and due to the fact that the oil shield is rotating with the spindle 5, any oil that may enter through space I23 is immediately ejected by centrifugal force. This 011 shield is very effective in preventing oil from splashing into the breather hole of the nozzle.

In ordinary operation of the device, the hydraulic pressure of the soap in chamber 8| may be some place between 500# and 1000# per square inch. Quantities of soap caused by this pressure to flow up past stuifing box 81 are trapped by groove 92 and conducted through holes 95 into outer groove 96 which outer groove 98 registers spindle with a series of holes 99 through which the soap is free to pass to the outside of the nozzle body.

By the time that the soap has reached groove 92, the pressure has been reduced to that merely required to force the soap through the vents. Any soap that may pass groove 92 will, of course, be trapped in groove 93, thence through holes 94 to outer grooves 91 and thence through vent openings 98.

However, it has been found in practice that the quantity of soap which passes groove 92 and finds its way to groove 93 is so small and under so little pressure that it does not pass leather washer IOI which is in actual contact fit with pin 88. In the modification of the invention now under discussion, conical end I3 of the spindle 5 terminates at end I03. The conical end I3 is tapered along a straight line forminga cone having an apex angle of approximately 60 in conjunction with a similarly conical shaped recess I2 in the plate 9. A tapered surface clearance of about .012" to .015" has been found satisfactory in practice. The clearance between the small diameter I03 and the spindle 5 of the extrusion opening II determines the thickness of the extruded tube. In making tube soap I have found a clearance of about .0043" satisfactory.

It will be readily apparent that other variations and modifications of the present invention may be devised without departing from the spirit of this invention as defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing having a chamber for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure and provided with an extrusion orifice and a spindle rotatable in said housing having a rotating extrusion pin located centrally of the orifice, said extrusion pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting a continuous uninterrupted flow of the material under hydraulic pressure, the said Y and permitting a continuous uninterrupted fiow oi the same under hydraulic pressure, the said pinbeing held forrotation in the precise center of said .crifice. v a.

3; An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under-hydraulic pressure comprising a housing having-a chamber for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pres sure, an extrusion.*orif ice in'said housing and a mounted in Said housing and rotatable therein, said spindle'provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to;rotate' in saId orifice, said pin and the walls oftheorifice presenting smooth surfaces to thematerial and permitting a continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure, the said pin. being held for rotation in the precise center of said orifice.

4. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing having a chamber for the reception or til) plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an extrusion orifice in said housing and a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle havingan opening throughout its length whereby air may be passed entirely through said spindle and pin'and the said pin and the walls of the said orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting a continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure, the said pin being held for rotation in the precise center of said orifice. l

5. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plasticsemi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure and an inlet opening leading to said chamber, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the said pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninter-y rupted flow of the same under hydraulic"pressure,

the said pin being held for rotationln theprecise center of said orifice.

6. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a-

splndlc mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydrauilc pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber and a passage connecting said orifice and said chamber, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having anopen ing throughout their length and said pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material to permit continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure, the

said pin being held for rotation in the precise center of saidorifice.

7. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception 01 plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber and a conical passage defined by one end of the spindle and a portion of the inner surface of said housing connecting said orificeand said chamber, said spindle providedwith a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted fiow of the material under hydraulic pressure.

8. An extrusion die for extruding send-liquid 'dle provided with a pin integral therewith and presenting smooth to the ma adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow of the material 5 under hydraulic pressure.

9. An'extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid," material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable 10 therein, a chamber in. said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, a ball bearing mounted between said spindle and said housing, and a passage connect- 15 ing said orifice and said chamber, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to be rotated in said orifice. said spin la and pin having an opening through their length and the pin and the walls of l and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

10. An extrusion die for extruding semieliquicl material under hydraulic pressure comprising a 25 housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the recepjtion of plastic semi-liquid material under hy- ,draulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, a ball bearing mounted between said spindle and said housing, the balls of said ball bearing being mounted in an open race, said open .race communicating with said chamber and a passage connecting said orifice and said race, said spindleprovided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate insaid orifice, said spindle and pin] having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the wallslof the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and 40 permitting continuousuninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

11. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid materialunder hydraulic pressurecomprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamherin said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquicl material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, a ball bearing mounted between said spindle andsaid housing, the balls of said ball bearing being mounted in an open race, said open race communicating with said chamber and a passage defined by said spindle and said housing connecting said orifice and said race, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and thewalls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces-to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

12., An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid matcrial under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, a ball bearing mounted between said 'spindle and said housing, the balls of said ball bearing being mounted in an open race, said open race communicating with said chamber and a conical passage defined by one end of said spindle and a portion of said housing connecting said orifice and said race, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted fiow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

13. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said housing to carry said spindle, the balls of one of said ball bearings being mounted in an open race, said open race communicating with said chamber and a conical passage defined by one end of said spindle and. a portion of said housing, said conical passage connecting said orifice and said open race, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

14. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said housing and carrying said spindle, one of said ball bearings being sealed from said chamber and a passage connecting said chamber and said orifice, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

15. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said housing and carrying said spindle, one of said ball bearings being sealed from said chamber and a conical passage communicating with said chamber and said orifice, said spindle provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length and the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted fiow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

16. An extrusion die for extruding semiliquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said housing and carrying said spindle, one of said ball bearings being sealed from said cham tate in said orifice, said pin terminating at the outer end of said orifice, said pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted fiow of the same under hydraulic pressure, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length.

1'7. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a, chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said housing and carrying said spindle, one of said ball bearings being sealed from said chamber by a bushing, a recess in said bushing, an outlet opening from said recess to the outer surface of said housing, and a conical passage communicating with said chamber and said orifice, said conical passage being defined by one end of said spindle and a portion of said housing, said spindle being provided with a pin integral therewith and adapt ed to rotate in said orifice, said pin terminating at the outer end of said orifice, said pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted fiow of the same under hydraulic pressure, said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length.

18. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said housing and carrying said spindle, one of said ball bearings being sealedfrom said chamber by a bushing and an enlarged portion on said spindle, said enlarged portion being rotatable in said bushing, said bushing and enlarged portion being interposed between said chamber and said ball bearing, a recess in and around said bushing, an outlet opening from said recess to the outer surface of said housing, a nut in the end of the housing opposite the ex trusion orifice in contact with said ball bearing whereby said ball bearing may act as a thrust bearing as well as a radial bearing, and a conical passage communicating with said chamber and said orifice, said conical passage being defined by one end of said spindle and a portion of said housing, said spindle being provided with a pin integral therewith and adapted to rotate in said orifice, said pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted fiow of the same under hydraulic pressure, and said spindle and pin having an opening throughout their length.

19. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a casing, an end plate in said casing, an extrusion orifice in said end plate, a spindle mounted in said ing leading to said chamber, ball bearings 75 3,043,682 n n n n stuifing boxincluding a bushing, a shaft on said ing, an outlet opening through said bushing to said recess, an opening in said casing registerable with said opening in said recess, a nut in the end of the casing opposite the said end plate, said nut being in contact with said ballbearing,

whereby said ball bearing may act as a thrust bearing as well as aradial bearing, the other of said ballbearings being mounted in said casing intermediate saidchamber and said end plate, the balls of said last mentioned ball bearing being mounted in an open race, said race communicating with said chamber andwitha chamber intermediate said last mentionedball bearing and said end plate and a conical passage connecting said last mentioned chamber and said orifice, said conical passage being defined by one end of the spindle and a portion of said end plate and said spindle having a pin portion rotating in the orifice and terminating at the outer end thereof, the pin portion and the 3 walls of the orifice presenting smoothsurfaces toithe material and permitting continuous, uninterrupted how of the material under hydraulicpressure. i

I 20. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orifice in said housing, a spindle mounted in said housingand rotatable therein, a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, bearings on said spindle, a shoulder in said housinggone of saidbearings riding upon said shoulder and against the inner surface of said housing, the other of said bearings riding against the inner surface of said housing and a cover at one endof said housing, a driving end integral with said spindle and rotatable in a bushing in said cover, agear mounted on said driving end, exteriorly of said housing, a pin on said spindle integral and rotatable in said orifice, the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material to permitcontinuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure, a conical passage connecting said chamber and said orificeand a breather opening throughout the length of said pin, spindle and driving end.

21. A constructlonas defined in claim 20 in which the pin is substantially semicircular.

22. A construction as defined in claim 20 in which the pin is substantially web shaped.

23. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a housing, an extrusion orificein said housing, a spindle mounted in said housing and rotatable therein, said spindle comprising an extrusion pin rotatable in said orifice, the pin and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to permit continuous uninterrupted fiow of Ematerial under hydraulic pressure, bearing shoulders on the spindle defining a chamber in said housing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, a cover for said housing rigidly afiixed thereto, an opening in said cover, a boss on said cover surrounding said opening, a cap thereover, threaded to said boss, an opening in said cap, said cap and said boss defining a spindle rotatable in saidstuifing box, and openings in the bearing shoulder on said spindle closest the orifice whereby materialentering said 1 chamber may pass to said orifice.

, 24. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a casing, an extrusion plate in said casing, 'aconical recess in said extrusion plate, said conical recess terminating in an extrusion orifice, a spindlemounted in said casing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said casing for the receptionof plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ballbearings mounted in said casing and carrying saidspindle, said ball bearings being separated by a bushing within said casing and being sealed from said chamber by a stufling box, recesses in andaroundsaid stufiing box, outlet openings from said recesses to the outer surface of said-casing, a conical end on said spindle rotatable within said conical recess, said conical end and said conical recessdefining a conical passage communicating with said chamber and said orifice, said spindle having a terminalpin portion rotating in the orifice, the pin portion and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow ofithe same under hydraulic pressure, and an opening throughout the 5 length of said spindle.

An extrusion die forextruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a casing, an extrusion plate in said casing, a conical recess in, said extrusion plate, said conical recess terminating in an extrusion orifice, a spindle mounted in said casing and rotatable therein, a chamber in said casing for the reception of plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, an inlet opening leading to said chamber, ball bearings mounted in said casing and carrying said spindle, said ball bearings being separated by a bushing within said casing and ,being sealed from said chamber by a stufiing box, recesses in and around said stuffing box, outlet openings from said recesses to the outer surface of said casing, a conical end on said spindle rotatable within said conical recess, said conical end andsaid conical recess defining a conical passage communicating with said chamber and'said orifice, said spindle having a terminal pin portion rotating in the orifice, the pin portion and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted flow of the same under hydraulic pressure, and opening throughout the length of said spindle, and a nut in the end 01' the casing opposite the extrusion plate in contact with one of said ball bearings whereby said ball bearing may act as a thrust hearing as well as a radial bearing.

26. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a casing, an extrusion plate in said casing, a conical recess in said extrusion plate, said conical recess terminating in an extrusion orifice, a spindle mounted in said casing and rotatable therein, a conical end on said spindle, said conical end adapted to rotate within said conical recess, and ball bearings in said casing supporting said spindle, one of said ball bearings being interposed between a shoulder on said spindle and a nut in said casing, the other of said ball bearings being positioned between a shoulder on said spindle and a washer, said washer being held in contact with said ball bearing by a stumng box, said stufiing box including a leather washer for sealing said ball bearing from a chamber defined by said stufling box and said extrusion plate for receiving plastic semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure, the spindle having a terminal pin portion rotating in said orifice and the pin portion and the walls of the orifice presenting smooth surfaces to the material and permitting continuous uninterrupted'fiow of the same under hydraulic pressure.

27. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure comprising a. casing, an extrusion plate in said casing, a conical recess in said extrusion plate,'said conical recess terminating in an extrusion orifice, a spindie mounted in said casing and rotatable therein, a conical end on said spindle, said conical end adapted to rotate within said conical recess,

ball bearings in said casing supporting said spindle, one of said ball bearings being interposed between a shoulder on said spindle'and a nut in said casing, the other of said ball bearings being positioned between a shoulder on said spindle and a washer, said washer being held in contact with said ball bearing by a stufiing box, said surface or said stufling box, said grooves communicating with the outer surface of said stufiing box by openings and openings in said casing registerable with said last mentioned grooves, said grooves being positioned below said leather washer.

28. An extrusion die for extruding semi-liquid material under hydraulic pressure as defined in the'claim last'preceding in which the shoulders on said spindle support the ball bearings at spaced points defining an enlarged portion on said spindle and a stufling box in said casing in which said enlarged portion is rotatable, said stufiing box extending from bearing to hearing and being equal in-length'to said enlarged portion.

29. An extrusion die comprising a casing for the reception of plastic material under pressure provided with an extrusion orifice, a spindle rotatable in said casing at the precise center thereof, an extrusion pin integral with said spindle and rotatable at the precise center of said extrusion orifice, and means' to hold said spindle and said extrusion pin for rotation at such precise center. i 1

30. An extrusion die comprising a casing for the reception of plastic material under pressure provided with an extrusion orifice, a spindle rotatable in said casing at the precise center thereof, an extrusion pin integral with said spindle and rotatable at the precise center of said extrusion orifice, and means to hold said spindle and said extrusion pin for rotation at such precise center, said spindle and extrusion pin having a breather hole therethrough.

CHARLES T. WALTER. 

